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20 March 2021, Volume 27 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Special Thesis & Basic Research
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Special Thesis & Basic Research

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Analysis of China’s Rice Industry in 2020 and the Outlook for 2021 Chunchun XU, Long JI, Zhongdu CHEN, Fuping FANG 2021, 27(2): 1-4.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.001 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (550KB) ( )   With the national strong policy support, China’s rice area in 2020 reached 30 076 million hm2 after several years of decline, an increase of 382,000 hm2 from 2019. Affected by the severe occurrence of natural disasters, the average yield of rice in 2020 is 7 044.0 kg/hm2, which is 15.0 kg/hm2 lower than that in 2019, but it is still the second highest in history. The production of rice in 2020 reached 211.86 million tons, an increase of 2.25 million tons from 2019, and the total production of rice has stabilized at more than 200 million tons for 10 consecutive years. The domestic rice market prices keep rising, especially for the mid-late indica rice, whose price was much higher than that in 2019. In december 2020, the purchase price of mid-late indica rice was 2 740.3 yuan/t, a year-on-year increase of 9.0%. The prices of high-quality rice and common rice are totally different, the prices of high-quality rice such as Huanghuazhan and Fengliangyou are more than 0.2 yuan per kg higher than common varieties. The volume of rice imports increased again. In 2020, China imported 2.943 million tons of rice, an increase of 15.6% year-on-year; and exported 2.305 million tons of rice, decreased 16.1% from 2019. In 2020, the number of varieties approved continued to increase significantly, with more than 50% high quality rate for the national approved varieties, and the market structure was further optimized, the green technology in rice production revealed a momentum for rapid growth, pushing the green development in rice industry. In 2021, the rice area is expected to a slight increase from 2020, the yield is projected to be stable at 7 050.0 kg/hm2, the variety structure will continue to be optimized, the rice market will remain stable, and the promotion and application of green varieties and technologies will be accelerated.

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Practice and Effect on Enhancing the Level of High Yield of Grain and Oil Crops by Innovatively Developing “the Best of Zhejiang Agriculture” Baoxian LI, Huangjuan WU, Yebo QIN, Panpan YANG, Jinhong CHEN 2021, 27(2): 5-10.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.002 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (639KB) ( )   This article summarizes the specific practice of “the best of Zhejiang agriculture” grain and oil yield challenge competition, combs the types and levels of high-yield records of grain and oil crops, analyzes the achievements and existing problems, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions, so as to provide reference for the sustainable and healthy development of “the best of Zhejiang agriculture” grain and oil yield challenge and further promote the high-quality and efficient development of grain and oil production.

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Study on the Current Status and Problems of Rice Field Comprehensive Planting and Breeding Industry in Jiangsu Province Yangyang LI, Junliang JIANG, Ze CHEN, Zhi DOU, Zhipeng XING, Hui GAO 2021, 27(2): 11-14.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.003 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (612KB) ( )   Paddy fields comprehensive planting and breeding is a green and efficient ecological cycle agriculture method. In recent years, it has been quickly promoted and applied on a large scale due to its diversified model, prolific integration and significant benefits. This article described the development status of the comprehensive rice planting and breeding industry in Jiangsu Province, focusing on the problems of the industry, and then puts forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions based on high-quality development goals.

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Advances in Research and Application of Agronomic Control Technologies Related to Cadmium Contamination in Rice Yan ZHANG, Qina HUANG, Guosheng SHAO, Honghang WANG 2021, 27(2): 15-20.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.004 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (711KB) ( )   As one of the main food crops in china, the production safety of rice is seriously threatened by the cadmium contamination in paddy fields. The development of agronomic practice which is economic and efficient for the regulation of cadmium contamination in rice has drawn wide attention. This paper briefly expounded a serious of researches and applications in agronomic practices for the regulation of cadmium contamination in rice, such as water management, rational fertilization technique, foliar fertilizer application, in-situ passivation technique, microbiological remediation, adjustment of cropping system, planting of cultivars with low accumulation of cadmium and so on, also discussed the disadvantages of these agronomic practices and proposed the direction of future development. It is expected to provide academic reference and technical support for more effective regulation of cadmium contamination in rice.

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Research Progress in Molecular Genetics of Important Agronomic Traits and Breeding Utilization in Rice Qianlong LI, Hui WANG, Yu FANG, Conghe ZHANG 2021, 27(2): 21-27.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.005 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (845KB) ( )   Rice is the main food crop in China. With the rapid development of population and the continuous deterioration of natural environment, traditional breeding technology has been unable to meet the current needs of rice breeding. With the development of biotechnology, molecular breeding technology has gradually become the main method for breeding workers to solve the current difficulties. After decades of efforts, Chinese scientists have not only made remarkable achievements in the field of rice genetics and functional genomics, but also made great efforts in rice breeding to improve crop yield, nutritional quality and environmental benefits. This article mainly reviews and discusses the great achievements made by Chinese scientists in rice molecular genetics and molecular breeding.

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Research Advances on Rice Eating Grain Quality Formation and its Response to Nitrogen Application Jiaqing WU, Ruoyu XIONG, Jiaxin XIE, Haiyan Jiang, Xueming TAN, Xiaohua PAN, Yongjun ZENG, Qinghua SHI, Yanhua ZENG 2021, 27(2): 28-37.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.006 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1128KB) ( )   The taste quality of rice is the key quality for consumers to evalvate the quality of rice, which determines the grade and market positioning of rice. The article describes the eating quality evaluation system such as amylose, gel consistency, starch crystallinity, starch granule size distribution, amylopectin chain distribution, starch solubility and swelling properties, thermal property, pasting property and retrogradation property. The genetic regulation of rice eating quality was summarized from rice starch synthesis-related enzymes AGPase, GBSS, SSS, SBE, DBE and protein components. By reviewing the effects of nitrogen application rate, nitrogen application period and nitrogen fertilizer form on the rice eating quality formation, proposed the research prospect of rice eating quality, discussed the cultivation of improving rice eating quality. This review will provide a reference for future research on the breeding and production of excellent quality rice varieties and the improvement on the competitiveness of high quality rice in the market.

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Investigation and Thinking on the Pattern of “Good Quality Late Rice Variety Used in Early Rice Planting” in Jiangxi Province Yanfeng YU, yongqi YU, Jianhuan YIN, Yusheng LIU 2021, 27(2): 38-43.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.007 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (781KB) ( )   With the two-way push of agricultural science & technology and grains production policies, China's grain production capacity has been continuously improved and grain yield has increased for many years, which has contributed greatly to national food security. However, early rice, as the first-season rice in southern rice region, has been long-term puzzled by low quality and low efficiency. In recent years, Jiangxi has made great efforts to vigorously popularize the pattern of “good quality late rice variety used in early rice planting”, and has achieved preliminary results. However, there are still some difficulties desiderate to be solved. The following measures can realize the sustainable development of early rice in the south of China: selection, demonstration and extension of superior varieties, construction of agricultural social service system and leading of agricultural leading enterprises.

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Effects of High Temperature and Fertilizer-water Regulation on the Seed Setting Rate of Hybrid Rice in Southeast Sichuan Fuxian XU, Lin ZHANG, Hong XIONG, Xingbing ZHOU, Yongchuan ZHU, Peng JIANG, Mao LIU, Xiaoyi GUO 2021, 27(2): 44-46.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.008 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (340KB) ( )   Under the condition of intelligent artificial climate chamber, the effects of extreme high temperature on the seed setting rate of hybrid rice and it's fertilizer-water regulation were studied with five hybrid rice combinations as tested materials. The results showed that the average daily temperature above 33℃ at booting stage and heading stage had significant effect on the seed setting rate of rice. When the temperature was above 38℃, the seed setting rate dropped sharply. At the heading stage, when the temperature reached 38℃, the seed setting rate of the tested varieties was below 10%. The effect of high temperature on booting stage was significantly smaller than that at heading stage. Under the conditions of average daily temperature of 33℃ at booting stage, the yield loss of the tested varieties was less than 10%, while 33℃ at heading stage, the yield loss was about 65%. Under 38℃ conditions, the yield loss of high temperature at booting stage and heading stage was about 80% and 90% respectively. There were significantly or extremely significantly positive correlation between seed setting rate and plant chlorophyll content and soil relative water capacity under the condition of high temperature. Increasing the nutrient level of the plant and keeping the shallow water layer in the paddy field could significantly alleviate the yield loss caused by high temperature.

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Effects of Different Sowing Date, Harvest Date and Storage Date on Head Rice Rate of Long-grain Indica Rice with High-quality Yu ZOU, Baoyun QIAN, Xinchun ZHAN, Leya ZHENG, Deyong MEI, Peijiang ZHANG 2021, 27(2): 47-50.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.009 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (500KB) ( )   Head rice rate is one of the important factors affecting the development of high-quality long-grain indica rice. In order to explore the suitable sowing date, harvest period and storage period of high-quality long-grain indica rice in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river, three high-quality long-grain conventional indica rice were used as materials. The results showed that, with the delay of sowing date, the temperature decreased during the grain filling stage, which resulted in the significant shortening of the whole growth period, and the head rice rate, chalky grain rate, chalkiness ratio showed an overall downward trend. The daily average temperature was significantly positive correlated with the head rice rate, chalky grain rate and chalkiness ratio. High-quality long- grain indica rice was harvested at full maturity stage and stored for 40 d before processing, would have higher head rice rate.

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Improvement of Lysine Content Determination Method and its Optimal Dynamic Classification in Rice Tingmu CHEN, Jingfang LI, Yungao XING, Bo XU, Baoxiang WANG, Dayong XU 2021, 27(2): 51-54.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.010 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (473KB) ( )   Lysine is the first limiting amino acid in rice nutrition. In order to optimize the determination method of lysine content, this experiment was set up, the acylation time and dye binding reaction time under 300W ultrasonic power were studied by using ultrasonic oscillator instead of common oscillator. The results showed that, when the optimal acylation time was 15 min, and the dye combination time was 90 min has the best effect. Compared with the national standard method, the improved method has a longer acylation time and a shorter dye combination time, and the total determination time is significantly shortened, but the determination results and test accuracy are higher. Using ultrasonic oscillation instead of traditional oscillator oscillation could optimize the determination method of lysine content. In addition, the optimal dynamic clustering method could prevent the uncertainty of artificial classification and optimize the classification scheme.

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Preliminary Study on the Influence of Lime on Rice Straw Maturation and Rice Safety Xingyu JIANG, Min XIA, Jiwen CHEN, Yahong SONG 2021, 27(2): 55-56.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.011 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (250KB) ( )   With the continuous development of agricultural production levels, the yield of crop stalks has also increased, especially in areas where wheat and rice are rotated, where the annual output of wheat stalks and rice stalks is relatively large, reaching about 18 t per hectare. Siyang County began to promote the full return of straw to the field in 2006, and the total amount of straw returned to the field for 12 years has reached 216 t per hectare. In this study, the measures such as adding lime, gypsum, and biological inoculants were studied for the impact on the rice yield and safety and farmland soil. The results showed that the yield of each treatment increased by 3.41%~20.80% compared with the control （no lime, gypsum, biological inoculants, etc.）, and the heavy metal content of the soil and grain in each treatment did not exceed the standard.

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Simultaneous Determination of Metamifop and Cyhalofop-methyl and Their Metabolites in Rice by UPLC-MS/MS and Dietary Risk Assessment Guofeng CHEN, Hongmei YOU, Yao TENG, Feng LIU, Xiaobo ZHANG, Jiannan DONG, Hui LIAO 2021, 27(2): 57-62.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.012 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (866KB) ( )   A QuEChERS pretreatment method using dispersive solid-phase extraction was established, and the residual amount of metamifop and cyhalofop-methyl and their metabolites in brown rice, rice husk and straw samples were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/MS）. The results showed that, none of the residues of metamifop and cyhalofop-methyl in rice grain and brown rice harvested at maturity were detected. The risk quotients （RQ） for these pesticides were assessed by comparing the country's estimated daily intake with the acceptable daily intake. The results of the dietary risk assessment showed that the RQ of metamifop and cyhalofop-methyl in brown rice were 0.87% and 1.9%, respectively. Consumers have lower health risk after consumption.

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Identification of Bacterial Blight Resistance in Perennial Rice Penglin LI, Shiwen QIN, Shilai ZHANG, Guangfu HUANG, Jing ZHANG, Jianping LU, Fengyi HU 2021, 27(2): 63-67.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.013 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (442KB) ( )   Perennial rice （PR）, using vegetative propagation via Rhizome as perenniality donor from Oryza longistaminata, has been bred successfully and demonstrated widely. In order to clarify the resistance performance of perennial rice varieties （lines） to bacterial leaf blight, the perennial rice varieties （lines） PR23, PR24, PR25, PR101, PR107, and their male Oryza longistaminata, female parents RD23 and F1（RD23/ Oryza longistaminata） were used as the materials to evaluate their resistance to bacterial blight by three methods: field disease investigation, resistance level identification and rice bacterial blight resistance gene detection. The results showed that, O. longistaminata presents high resistance to bacterial blight. Although PR23, PR24, PR25, PR107 carry the alleles of bacterial blight resistance genes Xa1, Xa4, Xa23, xa25, but they are all susceptible to bacterial blight in the field. It shows that these resistance genes do not play a role in disease resistance in these four perennial rice varieties （lines）. PR101 shows resistance to bacterial blight under natural disease conditions in the field, and contains the bacterial blight resistance alleles xa25, Xa27, indicating that these two genes may be PR101 resistance genes to bacterial blight. The results provided a basis and strategy for both bacterial blight resistance breeding and application of perennial rice in future.

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Analysis of Cooking and Eating Quality of Goudang 1 Planted in Different Altitudes Ecological Environment Zhibin ZHANG, Sifang LONG, Xian WU, Qiang PENG, Qian WANG, Haifeng XU, Xichun ZHANG, Qinhuan LUO, Zhongni WANG, Jiyi GONG, Susong ZHU 2021, 27(2): 68-72.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.014 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (545KB) ( )   Cooking and eating quality of rice is affected by genetic characteristics, environmental and cultivation conditions. Protein content, amylose content and RVA（rapid viscometer） profile characteristics are very important physicochemical indexes of evaluating the cooking and eating quality of rice. In order to explore the influence of different altitude on the cooking and eating quality, we selected 5 locations with different elevations from 242 m to 857 m in Congjiang County, Guizhou Province to plant Goudang 1, and analyzed the variation and correlation of the main physicochemical indexes affecting the cooking and eating quality of rice. The results showed that the protein content and amylose content of Goudang 1 ranged from 5.23 %~7.07 % and 1.61 %~2.87 %, respectively, and altitude was significantly negatively correlated with protein content and amylose content. Multiple comparisons of RVA spectral characteristic values showed that with altitude rising, the consistence viscosity decreased. However, the breakdown viscosity initially decreased and then increased with altitude rising, whereas the setback viscosity increased first and then decreased. In addition, the correlation analysis between soil components at different altitude and cooking and eating quality showed that the content of available nitrogen in soil decreased with the increase of disintegration value, but increased with the increase of reduction value. With the increase of consistence viscosity and amylose content, the pH value of soil decreased. This study showed that the best cooking and eating quality can be obtained by planting Goudang 1 at the highest planting point within the altitude range of 242~857 m in Congjiang County.

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Effects of Total Straw Returning on Grain Yield and Quality under Different Soil Background Wenxiao XIE, Jianguo LI, Jun LIU, Jun LU, Chuanbing LIANG, Hongru SHI, Mengshan LI 2021, 27(2): 73-76.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.015 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (511KB) ( )   In order to clarify the effects of straw returning to the field on yield and quality of rice under different soil background, a pot experiment was conducted using japonica variety Liaogeng 2501 as material, the yield and quality performance of Liaogeng 2501 of different treatments （sandy loam, sandy loam + straw returning, saline-alkali soil, saline-alkali soil + straw returning, brown soil clay, brown soil clay + straw returning） under the condition of total applied pure nitrogen amount of 200 kg/hm2 was compared and analyzed. The results indicated that, compared with no straw returning, the yield of total straw-returning treatment increased by 4.45% in brown soil, however, the yield decreased significantly under sandy loam and saline-alkali soil with a decrease of 2.20% and 3.84%. The number of spikelets per panicle, especially the number of spikelets per secondary stalk was increased effectively with total straw returning under different soil backgrounds, but the number of effective panicles was decreased under saline-alkali soil and sandy loam. The total straw returning significantly increased the gel consistency and taste value of rice, but reduced the chalky grain rate and chalkiness degree of rice in the background of saline-alkali soil and sandy loam.

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Analysis and Evaluation of Quality Characters of Soft Rice in Shanghai Maobai LI, Cui WANG, Yulong GU, Gang LI, Donglan WANG, Feiyu YU 2021, 27(2): 77-79.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.016 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (307KB) ( )   Through principle component analysis and correlation analysis, the quality characters of eight soft rice varieties popularized in Shanghai in recent years were tested and analyzed. The results showed that none of the eight soft rice varieties reaching the standards of fine quality rice issued by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, mainly because the three indicators of the improper transparency, gel consistency and amylose content failed to meet the high-quality rice standards. There were complicated correlations between grain quality traits. There was a very significant negative correlation between the head rice rate and grain length. There was significant negative correlation between brown rice rate and alkali spreading value, gel consistency and protein content. It was found that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components reached 82.795%, and the whole rice rate, brown rice rate, chalkiness degree, gel consistency and alkali spreading value were the most representative quality indicators by principal component analysis.

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Prospects for the Revitalization of “Xiaozhan rice” in Tianjin Fei ZHAO, Jian LIU, Jin DU, Gaoyi CAO, Chunyang XIANG, Xiuru WU, Yakun YANG 2021, 27(2): 80-83.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.017 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (627KB) ( )   By comparing the present and the past of “Xiaozhan rice” in Tianjin, we affirmed its leading position in history, analyzed its present research and development status, gave new definition and interpretation. The opportunities and challenges of “Xiaozhan rice” revitalization were clarified, the referential opinions and suggestions were put forward for the overall revitalization of “Xiaozhan rice” in Tianjin and the development of rice in China in the future.

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Thinking about the Way of Rice Industrial Structure Adjustment in Ningxia Weidong FENG, Yimin ZHANG, Mingjin YANG, Linguo GUI, Xingsheng WANG, Chunxiang HU, Rui WU, Hongwen MA, Wenyin ZHANG, Xin WANG, Qi HE 2021, 27(2): 84-88.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.018 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (688KB) ( )   In order to realize the high quality development of rice industry, it is urgent to adjust the structure of rice industry. Based on the reality of rice development in Ningxia, this paper analyzed the advantages and existing problems of rice industry in Ningxia, put forward the ideas, approaches and guarantee measures for the adjustment of rice industry structure, emphasized that the adjustment of rice industry structure should pay attention to “planting”, pay more attention to “marketing”, think from the perspective of the whole industry chain, and put forward feasible ways and suggestions.

Varieties & Technology

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Effects of Sowing Dates on Grain Yield and Radiation Use Efficiency of Direct-seeded Hybrid Rice with Different Maturity Stage at All-time Logged-water Paddy Field Xingbing ZHOU, Hong ZHOU, Fuxian XU, Peng JIANG, Hong XIONG, Lin ZHANG, Yongchuan ZHU, Mao LIU, Xiaoyi GUO 2021, 27(2): 89-92.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.019 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (437KB) ( )   A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of sowing dates on grain yield and radiation use efficiency of direct-seeded hybrid rice with different maturity stage at all-time logged-water paddy field in 2019, the early maturity hybrid rice Chuanzuoyou 8727, medium maturity hybrid rice Fuyou 838 and late maturity hybrid rice Nei 6 you 107 as materials. This experiment set up five sowing dates which are March 15th, March 20th, March 25th, March 30th and Apirl 4th. The results showed that, there were significantly differences in grain yield and radiation use efficiency of Chuanzuoyou 8727 and Nei 6 you 107 among five sowing dates, while the difference in grain yield and radiation use efficiency of Fuyou 838 among five sowing dates was relative small. The grain yield and radiation use efficiency of Chuanzuoyou 8727 were increased with the delay of sowing dates, and sowing on Apirl 4th recorded the highest grain yield and radiation use efficiency. The high grain yield was associated with the high panicle number per m2, spikelets per panicle, dry matter weight and harvest index. The grain yield and radiation use efficiency of Fuyou 838 and Nei 6 you 107 showed the trend firstly increased and then decreased with the sowing dates delayed, and sowing on March 20th recorded the highest grain yield and radiation use efficiency, its yield increase advantage is mainly reflected in the number of grains per panicle, seed setting rate, dry matter weight and harvest index. Compared with Chuanzuoyou 8727, the grain yield of Fuyou 838 and Nei 6 you 107 were increased by 14.6% and 33.0%, respectively, and the radiation use efficiency were increased by 9.0% and 20.5%, respectively. The results suggested that the suitable sowing date for early maturity hybrid rice cultivar was on Apirl 4th, and for medium and late maturity hybrid rice cultivar was on March 20th at all-time logged-water paddy field in southeast of Sichuan province.

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Effects of Se-enriched Fertilizer on Agronomic Characters, Yield and Quality of Rice under Drip Irrigation with Plastic Film Shuangling ZHAO, Yong'an YIN, Dong HUANG, Shijiang JIA, Guanyun QIAN, Li LI, Xiaowu LIU, Xin QIAN, Fangjun BAO 2021, 27(2): 93-94.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.020 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (285KB) ( )   Effects of spraying selenium fertilizer on agronomic traits, yield and quality of rice with drip irrigation under film were studied in this experiment. The results showed that, spraying selenium fertilizer could shorten the growth process of rice with drip irrigation under film and promote its early maturity; it could improve the SPAD value of rice, and avoid the phenomenon of premature aging of rice; it could improve agronomic traits of rice, improve grain yield and quality。

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The Growth Characteristics and Yield of Broadcast Wheat Stubble Rice No-tillage Cultivation with Wheat Straw Mulching Yongqiang FAN, Jihui LI, Shicui ZHENG, Yangang LIU 2021, 27(2): 95-97.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.021 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (295KB) ( )   In order to simplify the cultivation process of wheat stubble rice and promote efficient return of wheat straw, the broadcasting before the wheat harvest and no-tillage cultivation with wheat straw mulching was studied. The results showed that the seeding time of broadcast wheat stubble rice was delayed 32 days than transplanting rice, the delayed days of each growth period decreased gradually with the development of the growth period, the delayed days of seedling stage, tillering stage, heading stage and maturity stage were 31.0 d, 24.7 d, 18.7 d and 12.7 d, respectively. The whole growth stage was shortened 19.3 d. Under broadcasting, the wheat stubble rice has no tillers spikes, compared with transplanting rice, the grains per panicle and 1 000-grain weight were increased by 3.36 grains and 0.27 g, and the yield was decreased by 1.6%. Therefore, the broadcast wheat stubble rice cultivation simplified the cultivation process, reduced the production cost and efficient utilization of wheat straw.

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Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Zhehexiang 2 Shixi ZHANG, Yuping ZHANG, Yaliang WANG, Haigang JIN 2021, 27(2): 98-101.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.022 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (397KB) ( )   The leaf nitrogen content, grain appearance quality, nutritional quality and yield performance of Zhehexiang 2 were studied under the condition of different basal tiller fertilizer and panicle fertilizer. The results showed that, the nitrogen content in the 4th inverted leaf increased with the application of basal tiller fertilizer, and the nitrogen content in the 1st inverted leaf changed with the application of panicle fertilizer; under the same nitrogen application, the panicle fertilizer had a greater impact on the leaf nitrogen content. Under the condition of basal tiller fertilizer with low nitrogen, there was no significant difference in the nutritional quality and appearance quality of different treatments. When basal tiller fertilizer （pure nitrogen） was above 0.120 t/hm2, reducing panicle fertilizer could decrease chalky rice rate and protein content, and increase amylose content. Within the range of 0~0.24 t/hm2 of nitrogen fertilizer （pure nitrogen）, the yield was increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate, and the application of panicle fertilizer has a great influence on yield. However, reducing the application of panicle fertilizer could significantly increase the taste value. Considering the quality and yield, it is appropriate to apply 0.045 t/hm2 panicle fertilizer for Zhehexiang 2.

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Study on Optimization of One-time Safe Herbicide Dosage and Weeding Effect Xiaohui LI, Jincheng ZHANG 2021, 27(2): 102-104.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.023 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (342KB) ( )   The weeding effects of several herbicides were tested and compared. The results showed that, 45 days after herbicide application, the fresh weight control effect of Congfeng 200 mL/667 m2 treatment （T4） and Congfeng 160 mL/667 m2 treatment （T3） were 99.99% and 99.29%, respectively. The yield of T3 treatment was 640.31 kg/667 m2, which was 29.12 kg/667 m2 higher than the conventional control （apply Qiuzhibao 125 mL and Xicaojing 80 mL every 667 m2 at 5~7 days before machine transplanting seedling, apply Maxiete 125 mL and Xicaojing 50 mL at 15 d after machine transplanting seedling）. The benefit of T3 treatment is 32.51 yuan/667 m2 higher than the conventional control, and the other treatments are lower than the conventional control. The brown rice rate and whole rice rate of T3 treatment were 83.3% and 76.2%, respectively. Among them, the whole rice rate was 1.0 percentage point higher than the conventional control.

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Breeding and Application of New Indica-japonica Hybrid Rice Combination Changyou 2 Tao YU, Zhixing ZHANG, Xihong SHEN, Jiahai FANG, Yucheng JIN, Xiaoyang CHEN, Jianxia ZHOU, Xiaobo BIAN 2021, 27(2): 105-107.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.024 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (381KB) ( )   Changyou 2 is a new indica-japonica hybrid rice combination, bred from three-line sterile line Changgeng 1A as female parent and Hui KF2 as male parent. It has the characteristics of neat population, moderate plant type, large ears and grains, good color conversion and high yield. It was registered and released by Zhejiang Provincial Crop Variety Appraisal Committee in 2017. This paper introduced the breeding procedure, characteristics, cultivation and seed production techniques of Changyou 2.

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Breeding and Application of Blast-resistant Restorer Line Qianhui 101 in Rice Xichun ZHANG, Jianhua SUN, qian WANG, Hongliang WANG, Jiali LI, dashuang ZHANG, susong ZHU 2021, 27(2): 108-110.  DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.02.025 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (357KB) ( )   Rice blast is a major disease that damages rice production. Molecular marker assisted selection（MAS） has become an important method for breeding disease-resistant varieties. In this study, the broad-spectrum resistance gene pi9 from DW808 was imported into R894 with good regional adaptability. Qianhui 101, a rice blast-resistant restorer line, was selected through molecular marker testing, field natural identification and artificial inoculation identification. Its combination, Anyou 101, participated in the Guizhou Rice Regional Trial in 2017 and was approved by Guizhou provincial crop variety appraisal committee in 2019.