Thirty-six machine-transplanted indica rice varieties were planted in Sanchuan town, Yongsheng county, Yunnan province. Yield and yield components, population quality and lodging index of the cultivars were analyzed. The results showed that, the average yield of high yield machine-transplanted indica rice was 10.03 t/hm2, the number of spikelet was 56, 200/m2, the seed setting rate was 72.23%, harvest index was 0.56, maximum leaf area index was 9.91, dry matter at heading stage was 1 619.28 g/m2, lodging index was 79.16, total leaf age was 18.22, the yield of C-Liangyouhuazhan was the highest, which was 11.46 t/hm2. The average yield of low yield machine-transplanted indica rice was 7.03 t/hm2, the number of spikelet was 52,700/m2, the seed setting rate was 53.87%, the harvest index was 0.46, the maximum leaf area index was 7.89, the dry matter at heading stage was 1 494.12 g/m2, the lodging index was 85.05, and the total leaf age was 17.56. In a word, the seed setting rate is the dominant factor in the yield formation of machine-transplanted indica rice. Super high yield could be obtained by increasing the seed setting rate on the basis of reducing effective panicles appropriately for high yield varieties, and high yield could be achieved by increasing effective panicles on the basis of increasing basic transplanted seedlings for low yield varieties.
