中国稻米

中国稻米 ›› 2024, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 40-47.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2024.03.006

• 专论与研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

GA3和KNO2引发处理对水稻芽期生长、淀粉及呼吸代谢的影响

谭彪(), 任慕瑶, 杨正鹏, 徐佳依, 郑华斌, 唐启源, 王慰亲*()   

  1. 湖南农业大学 农学院，长沙 410128

Effects of GA3 Priming and KNO2 Priming on the Seedling Establishment, Starch Metabolism and Respiratory Metabolism of Rice

TAN Biao(), REN Muyao, YANG Zhengpeng, XU Jiayi, ZHENG Huabin, TANG Qiyuan, WANG Weiqin*()   

  1. College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China

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摘要：

种子引发作为一种播前处理技术，其对种子萌发和幼苗生长的促进作用已被广泛报道，赤霉素（GA3）和亚硝酸钾（KNO2）均参与调控种子发芽过程。但是，GA3引发和KNO2引发对水稻种子萌发出苗及相关生理代谢过程的影响及其复合效应尚不清楚。本研究以常规稻湘早籼45号和杂交稻株两优4024为供试品种，在生长箱条件下，以非引发处理为对照（CK），探究水引发（HP）、赤霉素引发（GA3）、亚硝酸钾引发（KNO2）和复合引发（GA3+KNO2）处理对水稻种子萌发、幼苗生长、淀粉降解代谢和呼吸代谢的影响。结果表明，与CK相比，不同引发处理均显著提升了种子发芽指数和活力指数，增强了幼苗素质，且GA3引发和KNO2引发的促进作用要优于HP引发；同时，GA3引发和KNO2引发较CK和HP引发显著提升了种子萌发过程中的α-淀粉酶活性和可溶性糖含量，一定程度增加了呼吸耗氧速率、腺苷三磷酸（ATP）含量和糖酵解限速酶活性，且两种引发处理间存在一定协同效应；但引发处理对无氧呼吸代谢酶活性的影响规律不明显。以上结果表明，GA3引发和KNO2引发处理显著促进了水稻芽期生长，其原因可能与淀粉降解能力和呼吸代谢活性提升有关，然而，未来仍需进一步研究揭示GA3引发和KNO2引发影响淀粉降解和呼吸代谢的生理生化和分子机理。

关键词: 水稻, 种子引发, 赤霉素, 亚硝酸钾, 芽期生长

Abstract:

Seed priming, as a treatment technique before sowing, has been widely reported to promote seed germination and seedling growth. Both gibberellin (GA3) and potassium nitrite (KNO2) are involved in the regulation of seed germination. However, the effects of GA3 priming and KNO2 priming on germination and emergence of rice seeds and related physiological and metabolic processes and their combined effects are still unclear. In this study, the conventional rice Xiangzaoxian 45 and hybrid rice Zhuliangyou 4024 were used as test varieties. The effects of water priming (HP), gibberellin priming (GA3), potassium nitrite priming (KNO2), compound priming (GA3+KNO2) and non-priming control (CK) on seed germination, seedling growth, starch degradation metabolism and respiratory metabolism of rice were investigated under growth chamber conditions. The results showed that, compared with CK, priming treatments significantly improved the germination index, vitality index and seedling quality, and the promotion effects of GA3 priming and KNO2 priming were basically better than that of HP priming. At the same time, compared with CK and HP priming, GA3 priming and KNO2 priming significantly increased α-amylase activity and soluble sugar content during seed germination, and increased respiratory oxygen consumption rate, ATP content and glycolytic rate-limiting enzyme activity to a certain extent. There was a certain synergistic effect between the two priming treatments. However, the effect on anaerobic respiration metabolic enzyme activity was not obvious. The above results indicated that GA3 priming and KNO2 priming treatment significantly promoted the growth of rice at the germination stage, and the reason for the improvement may be closely related to the improvement of starch degradation ability and respiratory metabolic activity. However, further studies are needed to reveal the physiological， biochemical and molecular mechanisms of GA3 priming and KNO2 priming affecting starch degradation and respiratory metabolism in the future.

Key words: rice, seed priming, gibberellin, potassium nitrite, germination stage

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