中国稻米 ›› 2023, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 84-89.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2023.04.015

• 品种与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

云南省1983—2021年审定水稻品种基本特性分析

董维1,2,3(), 张建平4, 邓伟1,2,3, 徐雨然1,2,3, 奎丽梅1,2,3, 涂建1,2,3, 张建华1,2,3, 安华1,2,3, 王睿4, 谷安宇1,2,3, 张锦文1,2,3, 吕莹1,2,3, 杨丽萍1,2,3, 管俊娇1,2,3, 陈忆昆1,2,3, 李小林1,2,3,*()   

  1. 1云南省农业科学院 粮食作物研究所,昆明 650000
    2云南省主要农作物种子加工工程技术研究中心,昆明 650000
    3云南省稻作遗传改良重点实验室,昆明 650000
    4云南省粮食产业集团有限公司,昆明 650000
  • 收稿日期:2023-01-11 出版日期:2023-07-20 发布日期:2023-07-26
  • 通讯作者: *xiaolinli@163.com
  • 作者简介:第一联系人:

    66738337@qq.com

  • 基金资助:
    云南省科技人才与平台计划(202105AE160009);云南省重大科技专项(202102AE090016);云南省粮食安全种业支撑专项经费(530000210000000013809)

Analysis on Basic Characteristics of Rice Varieties Approved in Yunnan Province from 1983 to 2021

DONG Wei1,2,3(), ZHANG Jianping4, DENG Wei1,2,3, XU Yuran1,2,3, KUI Limei1,2,3, TU Jian1,2,3, ZHANG Jianhua1,2,3, AN Hua1,2,3, WANG Rui4, GU Anyu1,2,3, ZHANG Jinwen1,2,3, LU Ying1,2,3, YANG Liping1,2,3, GUAN Junjiao1,2,3, CHEN Yikun1,2,3, LI Xiaolin1,2,3,*()   

  1. 1Institute of food crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650000, China
    2Yunnan Main Crop Seed Processing Engineering Technology Research Center, Kunming 650000, China
    3Yunnan Key Laboratory of Rice Genetic Improvement, Kunming 650000, China
    4Yunnan Grain Industry Group Co., Ltd, Kunming 650000, China
  • Received:2023-01-11 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-07-26
  • Contact: *xiaolinli@163.com
  • About author:First author contact:

    66738337@qq.com

摘要:

水稻是云南最主要的粮食作物之一。对已审定水稻品种进行总结和分析,可为云南未来的水稻新品种选育工作提供参考。本研究对云南省1983—2021年审定的559个水稻品种的亲本、产量、米质和抗病性等主要性状进行了分析评价。结果表明,审定的品种数量呈逐年上升趋势;杂交稻与常规稻的亲本多样性基本相当,亲本多样性并未随着审定品种数量上升而增加;杂交稻(非旱稻)和常规稻(非旱稻)单产呈小幅上下波动态势,旱稻单产呈增长趋势;近12年(2010—2021年)品种优质率为35.71%,优质1级品种数量极少,垩白度是影响米质提升最主要的因素;总体上,稻瘟病抗性有所降低,白叶枯抗性优于稻瘟病,近4年数据,抗纹枯病性好,感及高感纹枯病品种占比在15.00%以下,感及高感稻曲病品种占比在17.00%~52.00%间波动。

关键词: 水稻, 审定品种, 特征特性, 云南省

Abstract:

Rice is one of the most important food crops in Yunnan. The summary and analysis of the approved rice varieties can provide reference for new rice varieties breeding in Yunnan in the future. In this study, the main characters of parents, yield, quality and disease resistance of 559 rice varieties approved in Yunnan province from 1983 to 2021 were analyzed and evaluated. The results showed that the number of approved rice varieties exhibited an upward trend year by year. The parental diversity of hybrid rice and conventional rice was basically the same, and the parental diversity did not increase with the increase of the number of approved varieties. The yield of hybrid rice (non upland rice) and conventional rice (non upland rice) fluctuated slightly, and the yield of upland rice showed an increasing trend. In the recently 12 years (2010—2021), the good quality rate of rice varieties was 35.71%, few varieties have reached the first grade, high chalkiness was the most important limiting factor affecting the improvement of rice quality. In general, the rice blast resistance decreased, bacterial blight resistance was better than that of rice blast. The proportion of susceptible and highly susceptible varieties to sheath blight remained below 15.00%, the proportion of susceptible and highly susceptible varieties to rice false smut fluctuated between 17.00%-52.00%.

Key words: rice, approved varieties, characteristic, Yunnan province

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