中国稻米

中国稻米 ›› 2023, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (1): 113-116.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2023.01.019

• 品种与技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

稻蟹生态种养模式水稻栽植方式筛选研究

马亮1(), 董立强1, 杨铁鑫1, 潘争艳1, 李志强2, 孙富余2,*()   

  1. 1辽宁省水稻研究所，沈阳110101
    2辽宁省农业科学院 植物保护研究所，沈阳110161
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-22 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2023-01-17
  • 通讯作者: 孙富余
  • 作者简介:malhd@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项资助(XDA28090300);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200200);辽宁省农业农村厅重点项目“优质高食味水稻新品种选育繁育示范推广”

Study on the Evaluation of Rice Planting Methods in Rice-Crab Ecological Mode

MA Liang1(), DONG Liqiang1, YANG Tiexin1, PAN Zhengyan1, LI Zhiqiang2, SUN Fuyu2,*()   

  1. 1Liaoning Rice Research Institute, Shenyang 110101, China
    2Institute of Plant Protection, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Science, Shenyang 110161, China
  • Received:2022-09-22 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2023-01-17
  • Contact: SUN Fuyu

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摘要：

本研究在投放相同数量河蟹的基础上设置了“6比空”“12比空”和“18比空”3种水稻栽植方式，通过综合分析水稻产量、稻米品质和河蟹产量等数据，明确适宜稻蟹生态种养模式下机械化操作的最优水稻栽植方式。结果表明，与普通稻蟹种养模式下的水稻产量相比，比空栽植方式通过边行效应增加了单位面积有效穗数，补充了一部分由于空行引起的水稻产量缺失，同时降低了稻米蛋白质含量，提高了整精米率和河蟹的回捕率。综合水稻和河蟹收入，以“12比空”栽植模式的产投比最高，达到2.83，比水稻单一种植模式增收13 575元/hm2，比普通稻蟹种养模式增收3 120元/hm2，是稻蟹生态种养经济效益较优的水稻栽植方式之一。

关键词: 稻蟹生态种养模式, 水稻, 栽植模式, 产量, 品质, 经济效益

Abstract:

By comprehensively analyzing the data of rice yield, rice quality and river crab yield of the three rice planting methods （1 empty line every 6 lines, 1 empty line every 12 lines and 1 empty line every 18 lines）, we studied the optimal rice planting method suitable for mechanized operation under the rice-crab ecological cultivation mode. The results showed that compared with the rice yield under the common rice-crab breeding mode, the effective panicle number was increased by the marginal effect, which supplemented a part of the loss of rice yield caused by the blank row. At the same time, the protein content of rice is reduced, and the head rice rate and the recapture rate of crabs are increased. Combining the economic benefits of rice and crab, the rice-crab ecological cultivation mode with“1 empty line every 12 lines” had the largest production-to-investment ratio of 2.84, an increase of 13 802 yuan/hm2 compared with the rice monoculture mode, and an increase of 2 952 yuan/hm2 compared with the conventional rice-crab cultivation mode. In summary, the rice-crab ecological cultivation mode with “1 empty line every 12 lines” was the most economical rice planting method for the rice-crab ecological cultivation.

Key words: rice-crab ecological cultivation mode, rice, cultivation methods, yield, quality, economic benefits

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