中国稻米

中国稻米 ›› 2021, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 17-21.DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2021.03.004

• 专论与研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

长期秸秆还田与耕作方式对水稻产量及品质的影响

王子阳(), 陈婉华, 袁伟, 周正萍, 刘世平*()   

  1. 扬州大学/江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室/江苏省粮食作物现代产业技术协同创新中心,江苏 扬州225009
  • 收稿日期:2021-01-21 出版日期:2021-05-20 发布日期:2021-05-20
  • 通讯作者: 刘世平
  • 作者简介:

    第一作者：1106118343@qq.com

  • 基金资助:
    科技部重点研发计划项目（2016YFD 200107）;科技部国家科技支撑计划（2015BAD01B03）;江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目

Effects of Long-term Straw Returning and Tillage Ways on Yield and Quality of Rice

Ziyang WANG(), Wanhua CHEN, Wei YUAN, Zhengping ZHOU, Shiping LIU*()   

  1. Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Industrial Technology of Food Crops of Jiangsu Province/Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
  • Received:2021-01-21 Online:2021-05-20 Published:2021-05-20
  • Contact: Shiping LIU
  • About author:

    1st author: 1106118343@qq.com

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摘要：

通过稻麦两熟制下的长期定位试验,研究连续秸秆还田及不同耕作方式对水稻产量和品质的影响。结果显示,与“翻耕+秸秆不还田”（对照,CT）相比,“免耕+秸秆还田”处理（MTS）和“翻耕+秸秆还田”处理（CTS）改善了抽穗期水稻上3叶的氮素水平,显著提高了水稻产量,2年试验水稻产量CTS处理比CT处理增加6.9%~14.8%。从产量构成因素来看,MTS和CTS处理的有效穗数都显著提高,实粒数也有所增加;从稻米品质来看,MTS和CTS处理在一定程度上改善稻米的加工品质、外观品质及蒸煮食味品质。但“连续免耕+秸秆还田”处理（NTS）降低了水稻产量,产量比对照（CT）低10.9%~11.8%;与对照（CT）相比,NTS处理的每穗实粒数显著下降,外观品质和蒸煮食味品质变劣。

关键词: 水稻, 秸秆还田, 耕作方式, 产量, 品质

Abstract:

In a wheat-rice double cropping system, we made a long-term location experiment about the effects of the yield and quality of rice which cultivated with different tillage methods and straw returning. The results showed that, compared with “plowing + straw not returning to field” （control, CT）, “no-tillage + straw returning to field” （MTS） and “plowing + straw returning to field” （CTS） treatment improved the fertilizer level of the top three leaves of rice during the heading stage, and significantly increased the grain yield. The grain yield of CTS treatment increased by 6.9%~14.8% compared with CT treatment in 2018 and 2019. From the perspective of yield components, the effective ear number of MTS and CTS treatments both increased significantly, and the number of real grains also increased; from the perspective of rice quality, MTS and CTS treatments improved the processing quality, appearance quality and cooking and eating quality of rice. However, the “continuous no-tillage + straw returning to field” treatment （NTS） reduced the grain yield, which was 10.9%~11.8% lower than the control （CT）; compared with the control （CT）, the number of kernels per ear under NTS treatment decreased significantly, and the appearance quality and cooking and eating quality deteriorated.

Key words: rice, straw returning, tillage methods, yield, quality

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