关键词: 作物种子, 水稻, 种质资源, 保存, 种质库

Abstract:

Crop seed industry is a national strategic and basic core industry. It is the fundamental of promoting the long-term and stable development of agriculture and ensuring the national food security.China is a large agricultural country, crop cultivation has a long history, the earliest planting dates back to 10 000 years ago in the Neolithic period. At present, China has very rich crop germplasm resources, including tens of thousands of local varieties and many varieties imported from abroad. These valuable materials are the most valuable and important strategic resources of a country. If improperly stored or lack of proper storage management method, it will make serious losses in the preservation of germplasm resources. In the course of preservation of germplasm resources, the establishment and utilization of modern germplasm resource bank is the key to the effective preservation of excellent germplasm resources.In recent decades, many countries have made great efforts to protect germplasm resources, and a lot of low-temperature germplasm banks have been built.In this paper, the status of seed preservation of rice and other crops at home and abroad is reviewed, and the current situation of seed storage in China National Rice Research Institute is investigated and analyzed, which could provide base for better and more efficient conservation of germplasm resources.

Key words: crop seeds, rice, germplasm resources, conservation, germplasm bank