韩国稻作技术创新与转型

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.01.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着社会经济的发展及农业劳动力的转移，韩国水稻种植方式发生了转型。从上世纪70年代末期开始，韩国水稻机插秧比例快速上升，手插秧比例下降，到90年代基本实现了水稻种植的机械化；省工节本的直播稻产量受不确定因素影响较大，且稻米品质不如机插秧和手插秧，其种植面积出现了波动，现只占韩国水稻种植面积的4%左右。本文介绍了韩国水稻机插秧、湿润直播和旱直播技术的作业流程。

关键词: 水稻, 生产技术, 机械化, 韩国

Abstract:

The planting ways of rice in South Korean happened transformation in recent decades, with the development of social economy and the transfer of agricultural labor force. Since the late of 1970s, the area by hand-transplanting rice decreased and the area by machine-transplanted rice increased. Up to 1990s, machine-transplanted rice was popularized. Because of the yield of cultivation by direct seeding are greatly influenced by uncertain factors, and quality worse than machine- transplanted rice and hand-transplanted rice, its planting area happened wave, and occupied about 4.0% of the rice area of South Korea. This paper introduced the operation procedure of machine-transplanting, wet direct seeding and dry direct seeding by machine.

Key words: rice, production technology, mechanization, South Korea

中图分类号:

S511.062

王亚梁,朱德峰*,张玉屏,陈惠哲,向镜. 韩国稻作技术创新与转型[J]. 中国稻米, DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.01.012 .

参考文献

[1]    Budiman M, Suk Y H, Alfred E H, et al. Soil pH increase under paddy in South Korea between 2000 and 2012 [J]. Agr Ecosyst Environ, 2016, 221: 205-213.
[2]    Chung U R, Cho K S, Lee B W. Evaluation of site-specific potential for rice production in Korea under the changing climate [J]. Korean J Agr Forest Meteorol, 2006, 8（4）: 229-241.
[3]    Lee M H.Low temperature tolerance in rice: the Korean experience[C]. ACIAR Proc, 1998, 2001: 109-117.
[4]    Yang W H, Yun Y D, Song M T, et al. Growth variation of infant rice seedling for machine transplanting under late season cultivation[J]. RDA J Agric Sci Rice, 1994, 36: 19-25.
[5]    Yun Y D, Washio O, Lee J H. Rice seedling establishment for machine transplanting, 8: Effect of temperature on the seedling growth [J]. Research Reports of the Rural Development Administration （Suweon）, 1986, 28: 63-71.
[6]    Shimono H, Okada M, Kanda E, et al. Low temperature-induced sterility in rice: Evidence for the effects of temperature before panicle initiation[J]. Field Crop Res, 2007, 101（2）: 221-231.
[7]    Kang C K, Lee J O, Park Y S, et al. Effect of plant growth regulators on the rooting and root-mat formation in infant seedling of rice for machine transplanting[J]. RDA J Agr Sci Rice, 1993, 35: 7-11.
[8]    Choi Y J, Song G W, Kim J Y, et al. A study on the weed control for machine transplanting of sprouted-seedling in rice[J]. Research Reports of the Rural Development Administration（Suweon）, 1990, 32: 11-16.
[9]    Yun Y D, Yang W H, Oh Y J, et al. Machine transplanting cultivation with infant seedling in rice plant, 3: Varietal response of seedling height submerged depth and transplanting depth to the growth of infant rice seedling after transplanting[J]. Research Reports of the Rural Development Administration（Suweon）, 1991, 33: 48-55.
[10] Yun Y D, Lee J H. Rice seedling establishment for machine transplanting, 3: effect of seedling rate and fertilization on the characteristics of seedlings[J]. J Korean Soc Crop Sci, 1978, 23（2）: 68-75.
[11] Rao A N, Johnson D E, Sivaprasad B, et al. Weed management in direct‐seeded rice[J]. Adv Agron, 2007, 93: 153-255.

[1]	王岩, 王旺, 蔡嘉鑫, 曾鑫, 倪新华, 田洁, 唐闯, 景秀, 周苗, 王晶, 徐昊, 胡雅杰, 邢志鹏, 郭保卫, 许轲, 张洪程. 氮肥对稻米淀粉结构及理化性质影响的研究进展[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 1-8.
[2]	胡江博, 任正鹏, 丁翔, 王朝全, 冯阳, 王笑见, 张翔, 胥南飞. 稻田除草剂应用现状与抗除草剂水稻育种研究进展[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 13-19.
[3]	王云翔, 咸云宇, 赵灿, 王维领, 霍中洋. 缓控释氮肥施用技术在水稻上应用研究进展与展望[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 20-26.
[4]	李逸翔, 周新桥, 陈达刚, 郭洁, 陈可, 张容郡, 饶刚顺, 刘传光, 陈友订. 高γ-氨基丁酸水稻及其米制食品开发应用研究进展[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 38-44.
[5]	薛莲, 段圣省, 郑兴飞, 殷得所, 董华林, 胡建林, 王红波, 查中萍, 郭英, 曹鹏, 徐得泽. 湖北省水稻生产发展现状及对策建议[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 45-47.
[6]	王昕, 刘炜, 马洪文, 贺奇, 冯伟东, 张益民, 李虹, 殷延勃. 宁夏优质稻育种历程、问题及展望[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 48-52.
[7]	孙志广, 刘艳, 李景芳, 周振玲, 邢运高, 徐波, 周群, 王德荣, 卢百关, 方兆伟, 王宝祥, 徐大勇. 水稻萌发耐淹性鉴定评价方法研究及种质资源筛选[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 53-58.
[8]	王兴为, 王志成. 秸秆还田与深施氮肥对水稻叶片生理特征、氮素利用及产量的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 59-65.
[9]	赫兵, 李超, 严永峰, 刘月月, 赫靖淇, 于天华, 王帅, 陈殿元, 严光彬. 水稻秸秆秋季水耙浆还田对土壤及水稻性状的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 66-71.
[10]	董维, 张建平, 邓伟, 徐雨然, 奎丽梅, 涂建, 张建华, 安华, 王睿, 谷安宇, 张锦文, 吕莹, 杨丽萍, 管俊娇, 陈忆昆, 李小林. 云南省1983—2021年审定水稻品种基本特性分析[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 84-89.
[11]	吴涛, 邓宏中, 赵迎曦, 杨琛, 郭昱, 赵有权, 谢志梅, 张立阳, 杨远柱. 隆平高科水稻绿色通道2016—2021年审定品种分析[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 90-94.
[12]	邵泽毅, 谭旭生, 伍斌, 管恩相. 稻田小龙虾轮捕轮放寄养技术浅析[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 98-100.
[13]	黄日伟, 廖春良, 梁月宽, 杨绍意, 尚子帅, 姚云峰. 华浙优261在广西不同海拔作早中晚稻种植表现及高产栽培技术[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 106-107.
[14]	郑红明, 郑品卉. 浅析稻谷比价偏低对我国水稻产业的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(4): 32-37.
[15]	严如玉, 甘国渝, 赵希梅, 殷大聪, 李燕丽, 金慧芳, 朱海, 李继福. 我国水稻优势产区生产格局及施肥现状研究[J]. 中国稻米, 2023, 29(3): 1-8.